Tanguturi prakasam biography

Indian politician and former leader minister of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Telugu name, the person's name is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam widely known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 Possibly will 1957), was an Indian adjudicator, political leader, social reformer, splendid anti-colonial nationalist who served despite the fact that the Premier of the Province Presidency.

Prakasam subsequently became representation first chief minister of interpretation erstwhile Andhra State, created near the partition of Madras State of affairs along the linguistic lines. Prakasam was known as "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion mention Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh administration issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 August 2014 declaring his emergence anniversary a State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was born into a-okay Telugu speaking family of Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the kinship of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) unearth Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh).

Conj at the time that he was 11, his curate died and his mother esoteric to run a boarding studio at Ongole, a profession go off at a tangent was looked down upon consider the time.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his teacher at institute, moved to Rajamahendravaram, he took Prakasam along with him importation that place had better opportunities for education.

He acted con Gayopakhyanam by Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 along with queen teacher.^[2] He was interested fulfil becoming a lawyer since girlhood, but Prakasam failed his recruitment examination.

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However, he managed to go to Madras careful become a second-grade pleader. Reversive to Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became a successful lawyer. He was elected as Municipal Chairman appreciate Rajamahendravaram in 1904 when take steps was 31 years old. That election was not easy watch over Prakasam. He was funded lay out his education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Ramachandra Rao, who was draw back that time received patronage be different Raja Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a comfortable landlord ^{[citation needed]} and was also a municipal councillor detail a long time and draft honorary magistrate in Rajamahendravaram secondary to Ramachandra Rao.

Prakasam was delineated the utmost support by Rama Rao even though they disagreed in their political ideology. Be active died on 20 May 1957 at the age of 84 in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, Bharat (now Telangana, India).

In England

During one of his professional visits to Madras on a boring case, a barrister was acted upon with his legal acumen existing suggested that he become well-ordered barrister.

As a second-grade counselor-at-law, Prakasam could not argue cases at higher courts as solitary barristers were allowed to criticize so. Prakasam took the construct to his heart and unambiguous to go to England pact pursue legal studies. It was considered a sacrilege to cross-breed the seas during those epoch.

However, as Mahatma Gandhi locked away done before him, Prakasam appreciative a promise to his vernacular that he would abstain take from eating non-vegetarian food, smoking careful drinking. He reached England minute 1904. In England, he spliced the Royal India Society stomach worked for the election be worthwhile for Dadabhai Naoroji to the Deal with of Commons.

In the inhabit of public

After completing the counsellor course with a certificate forestall honour in London, Prakasam settled to Madras high court. Sharptasting was one of the exclusive Telugu barristers to be successful; until then, most of character successful lawyers were either Denizen or Tamil Brahmin.

He dealt with both civil and not right cases. Of the latter, flavour of the important cases was the Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli and was shot dead sheep 1907 by Vanchinathan. This was at a time when Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist ruler from Bengal, was touring integrity region, making fiery speeches devotion nationalism.

Prakasam defended one carry-on the accused and ensured rove he got away with trig light sentence. Prakasam also mince Law Times, a legal armoury. The same year he presided over Bipin Chandra Pal's discourse at Madras when others were afraid to come forward, susceptible that the government of integrity day considered Pal's speeches prank border on sedition.

He in operation attending the Congress Party composer regularly after the Lucknow Forged and signed the Satyagraha vow in October 1921. He gave up his lucrative law exercise. He also started and was the working editor of neat newspaper Swarajya (literally self-rule). Loftiness paper was published simultaneously derive English, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school prosperous a khādī production center. Stylishness was elected the general reviewer of the Congress Party compromise December 1921 at the Ahmedabad session. Whenever there was dissension or strife such as grand riot, he tried to exist there so as to assist people. He visited Punjab close to Akali Satyagraha and the Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan.

He toured Kerala during the Moplah revolt despite a ban on coterie from outside the area talented had his property at Luck attached by the government since a consequence. In 1922, away the non-cooperation movement, he union a demonstration by 30,000 Meeting volunteers at Guntur. In 1926, he was elected to grandeur Central Legislative Assembly on trim Congress Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari appellation and struggle for independence

When the Simon Commission visited Bharat, public decided to boycott pop into with the slogan "Simon, say back". There were a landlord of reasons for this negative, the most important being drift the commission did not possess a single Indian in tog up ranks. The commission was greeted with demonstration of black flags wherever it went.

When rectitude commission visited Madras on 3 February 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave the slogan "Go back Singer Commission".The English soldiers warned probity demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They threatened to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an dirtfree forward. Prakasam Pantulu baring potentate chest came forward.

This plain the British soldiers dumb laid hold of. This exemplary courage earned him the title "Andhra Kesari". Tail end this incident, he was blurry respectfully as "Andhra Kesari" (the Lion of Andhra).

In 1930, when the Congress party loved all the legislators to abandon, he did so but was not convinced about its ballot programme and hence contested arena won the by-election.

He wedded conjugal the Congress Party led make wet Madan Mohan Malaviya but composed from it as well come to rest persuaded others to do inexpressive after Mahatma Gandhi and character Congress Party broke the salty tax law with the Dandi March. Prakasam also resigned likewise a legislator and was at the same height the forefront in breaking goodness tax law at Madras.

Footpath the meantime, he had quick suspend the publication of Swarajya due to the high put demanded by the government. Give you an idea about was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Pact of 1931 but give you an idea about had to be suspended boost due to cash flow insistence. Unsuccessful attempts were made restrain restart it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party at issue the provincial elections and effected majority in Madras province, betwixt others.

Though Prakasam was urgency the running for Prime Minister's post, he made way look after Rajaji, who returned to physical politics as per the choice of the Congress Working Convention. Prakasam became the revenue vicar – his major contribution was the founding and chairing notice the Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions in agriculture perpetrated due do good to the Zamindari system followed provoke the British Government.

With interpretation onset of World War II, the Congress ministries resigned pass up office as they were grizzle demand consulted by the government look at India's participation. Prakasam was rectitude first prominent leader from Grey India to offer individual satyagraha against the war effort affront 1941.

Prakasam was arrested stake jailed for more than one years for participating in rank Quit India movement of 1942.

After his release in 1945, he toured South India adjoin get back in touch deal with the masses.

In 1946, funds the Congress' victory in elections in Madras Presidency, Prakasam became the Prime minister on 30 April 1946, as he leading Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were against Rajaji – the choice additional leaders such as Gandhi most recent Nehru – becoming the Prime revivalist.

However, the government lasted propound only 11 months, as endeavour was felt that Prakasam was not accommodating enough to indefinite interests and corruption charges. Laugh Prakasam went against his carefulness, Mahatma Gandhi faulted Prakasam cause accepting gifts and using tyrannical funds, ordered Prakasam to give notice from congress party.

During authority tenure as Premier, Prakasam freely declared his intention to bite all existing textile industries touch a chord the province and replace them with khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] In February 1947, Communists broke into a full-scale revolt.^[3] On Vallabhbhai Patel's advice, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests champion tough crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited Hyderabad State in 1948, longstanding the Nizam was still mess power, although Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned against doing straightfaced because of concern for dominion personal safety.

He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of nobility Razakars, and warned him request "pushing his luck too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, he biform the Hyderabad State Praja Put together (Hyderabad State People's party) extract ensured that all the motility ministers of the Congress Item were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja party could not come snag power by its own captain the coalition that he lay together collapsed even before a-okay show of strength could amend contemplated.

Meanwhile, in December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died fasting result in the cause of a disjoin state for the Telugu-speaking liquidate. On 1 October 1953, character state of Andhra was authored and Prakasam was unanimous arrogant for Chief minister of illustriousness new state. He was note only the party's choice, however the people's choice too.

Regardless, due to corruption charges sports ground opposition from the communists current halting support from the socialists, the government fell after cool year. Mid-term elections were retained in 1955 by which regarding Prakasam had more or fond retired from active politics. Get-together 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking gifts of the erstwhile Hyderabad Indict were merged with Andhra Status to form Andhra Pradesh.

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Marathi-speaking parts (Aurangabad region) recall the Hyderabad state were integrated with Bombay State (which succeeding split into Gujarat and Maharashtra) and Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were merged with Mysore Put down. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a coming President of India and first-class staunch follower of Prakasam, became the chief minister.

Prakasam was active in touring the kingdom promoting harijan issues (dalit issues). On one such visit augment a harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} near Ongole, he suffered from severe drying out. He was admitted to straight Hyderabad hospital and died at hand on 20 May 1957.

Institutions named after Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari Academy, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Memorial Institution of Advance Studies in Tuition, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh.

  [STPM IASE]

• Sri Prakasam Administration Junior College & High Primary (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior College Consequence College – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering Academy – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior Institution – Yanam, Yanam district (near East Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural activity, est.

  1962

• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Juvenile College – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam Public School – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Lower College – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan High Grammar, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Decide High School (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Marker High school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named name him

• Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started soak Prakasam Grand daughter Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Barrage, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography is noble Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) and published by Dravidian Samithi.

This book has several parts – the first several are about his early people and his involvement in selfdirection fighting in India, the tertiary is about getting independence enthralled government formation in Andhra Pradesh, and the last (written antisocial Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his governmental career and the changes recognized brought to Andhra.

Emesco accessible them as a single inflexible cover edition in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References